Logic gates

Our communication elements: -What are Logic Gates,  AND Gate, NOT gate/Inverter, OR gate, NAND gate, NOR Gate, XOR Gate, XNOR Gate, Logic Gate Symbols, Applications of Logic Gates.

What are Logic Gates: -

A common sense gate is a fundamental building block of virtual circuits. It performs a logical operation on one or more binary inputs and produces a single binary output.

• Binary Input: Either 0 (LOW/OFF) or 1 (HIGH/ON)
• Binary Output: Result of the logical operation, also 0 or 1

Logic gates function the use of Boolean algebra, and they shape the premise for selection-making circuits in digital electronics.

Basic Types of Logic Gates: -

There are seven fundamental common-sense gates, labelled into classes:

 Primary Logic Gates

• AND Gate
• OR Gate
• NOT Gate

Derived (Universal & Combination) Logic Gates

• NAND Gate
• NOR Gate
• XOR Gate
• XNOR Gate

AND gate: -

The AND gate takes two (or greater) inputs and gives out a 1 (HIGH/authentic) if all of the inputs are 1. Otherwise, it offers a 0 (LOW/fake).

The truth table is under; however, all you actually need to take into account is that the AND gate requires a 1 on enter A and input B to output 1. All the common sense gates have names that make their capability, nicely, logical.

Input A	Input B	Output
0	0	0
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

NOT gate/Inverter: -

The only common sense gate of all is the NOT gate. It takes one bit as enter (A). And it gives as an output (Q) what's NOT on the enter. So if there is a 1 on the input, its output is zero. And if there may be 0 at the enter, its output is 1. It’s also known as an inverter.

Input A	Output
0	1
1	0

OR gate: -

The OR gate takes two (or more) inputs and gives out a 1 if any of the inputs is 1. Otherwise, it offers a zero.

The truth desk is underneath, but all you actually need to remember is that the OR gate requires a 1 on input A or enter B to give out 1.

Input A	Input B	Output
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	1

NAND gate: -

The negated AND, or NAND, gate operates as an AND gate accompanied by a NOT gate. Its symbol is an AND gate with the circle of a NOT gate at the output. The NAND gate produces a false or low output if each input is authentic. Otherwise, the output is true. Another way to visualise it is that a NAND gate inverts the output of an AND gate. It acts as a logical operator and is observed via negation. 

Input A	Input B	Output Y
0	0	1
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

NOR Gate: -

A NOR gate (occasionally referred to by way of its prolonged name, negated OR gate) is a digital logic gate with two or more inputs and one output with conduct that is the alternative of an OR gate. The output of a NOR gate is true if all of its inputs are false. If one or more of a NOR gate's inputs are true, then the output of the NOR gate is false.

Input A	Input B	Output Q
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	0

XOR gate: -

The XOR, or one-of-a-kind OR, gate acts in the identical way as the logical both/or. The output is real if either entry is real, but not both. The output is false if both inputs are fake or if each input is true. Similarly, the output is 1 (real or excessive) if the inputs are one of a kind; however, it is 0 (false or low) if the inputs are identical. Figure 3 shows a fact desk for a 2-input XOR gate.

Input A	Input B	Output Z
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

XNOR Gate: -

An XNOR gate (occasionally cited through its prolonged call, Exclusive NOR gate) is a virtual common sense gate with two or greater inputs and one output that plays logical equality. The output of an XNOR gate is proper whilst all of its inputs are proper or whilst all of its inputs are false. If a number of its inputs are proper and others are false, then the output of the XNOR gate is fake.

Input A	Input B	Output
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

Logic Gate Symbols: -

Gate	Symbol	Boolean Expression
AND	·	Y = A · B
OR	+	Y = A + B
NOT	¬	Y = ¬A or A̅
NAND	· + ¬	Y = ¬(A · B)
NOR	+ + ¬	Y = ¬(A + B)
XOR	⊕	Y = A ⊕ B
XNOR	⊕ + ¬	Y = ¬(A ⊕ B)

Applications of Logic Gates: -

Field	Application Example
Computers	Arithmetic operations, memory design
Mobile Phones	Logic control in processors
Robotics	Sensor decisions and motion control
Digital Clocks	Timing logic and counters
Industrial Automation	Logic control systems
Home Appliances	Embedded systems in microwaves, washing machines